Definition Back mixing refers to the reverse movement of part of a fluid against the main flow direction inside continuous process equipment. It can occur in reactors, extraction towers, separation columns, and other systems because of turbulence, internal circulation, equipment…
Definition Residence time distribution (RTD) describes the statistical distribution of time spent by fluid elements inside a continuous process unit between entering and leaving the system. In an ideal flow model, fluid elements may follow uniform or predictable flow patterns.…
Definition Residence time refers to the average time that a fluid or material element remains inside a processing unit such as a reactor, separator, or distillation column. In chemical engineering, residence time is a fundamental process parameter used to describe…
Definition Plug flow is an idealized flow model in which fluid moves through a reactor in the form of “plugs,” with no axial mixing along the flow direction and complete radial mixing across any cross-section. In a plug flow system,…
Definition Continuous rectification is a separation process in which a liquid mixture is continuously fed into a distillation column, while products are simultaneously withdrawn from different sections of the column under steady operating conditions. In this process, separation is achieved…
Definition A continuous process is a mode of industrial operation in which raw materials are continuously fed into a system while products are continuously removed, with the process conditions maintained at a relatively steady state over time. Unlike batch processing,…
Definition Process design refers to the systematic development and engineering of chemical processes based on technical requirements, patent information, and experimental data. It involves transforming laboratory-scale or patent-based technologies into fully engineered process systems suitable for industrial production. In chemical…
Definition Green technology refers to a set of engineering principles and industrial technologies aimed at reducing environmental impact while improving the efficiency of chemical processes. In chemical engineering, it is not a single technology, but a process design philosophy that…
PLA/PBAT Commercialization: The Race to Lower Production Costs With the implementation of the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and China’s dual-carbon strategy, conventional petrochemical production routes are facing increasing pressure. As PLA and PBAT move from laboratory development to…
Definition Condensation polymerization, also known as polycondensation, is a polymerization process in which two or more monomers containing two or more reactive functional groups combine to form polymer chains while simultaneously releasing small molecules such as water, hydrogen chloride, methanol,…