On July 1, 2026, GB 38031-2025, Safety Requirements for Power Batteries for Electric Vehicles, officially came into effect in China. Under the new Chinese national standard, the requirement that a battery must not catch fire or explode after thermal runaway…
Where Does the Mixing Come From If There Are No Moving Parts? A static mixer is installed directly inside a continuous process pipeline and contains a series of fixed mixing elements. As fluid flows through these elements, the original axial…
Introduction Selecting liquid-liquid extraction equipment requires more than comparing capacity and price. Industrial performance depends on mass transfer, phase separation, feed properties, solvent compatibility, residence time, and operating stability. Density difference, viscosity, interfacial tension, and emulsion tendency also affect equipment…
Definition Colorimetry is an analytical technique used to determine the concentration of a substance in a solution by measuring the intensity of its color. It is based on the principle that colored compounds absorb specific wavelengths of light, and the…
Definition An electrolyte is a substance that produces electrically conductive ions when dissolved in a solvent, melted, or in solid state. These ions enable the conduction of electric current through the medium. In chemical and electrochemical engineering, electrolytes are essential…
Definition Conductivity, also known as specific conductance, refers to the ability of a material or solution to conduct electric current. It is the reciprocal of resistivity and is commonly represented by the symbol κ (kappa). In chemical and process engineering,…
Definition Water (H₂O) is a fundamental chemical substance composed of hydrogen and oxygen. It exists widely in nature and industrial systems in liquid, solid, and gaseous states. In chemical and process engineering, water is not only a natural resource but…
Overview In chemical and process industries, hazard analysis and risk assessment are two foundational elements of process safety engineering. They are used to systematically identify potential hazards in industrial systems and evaluate the associated risks to ensure safe design, operation,…
Definition New energy materials refer to a broad class of functional materials used in energy conversion, storage, and utilization systems that support renewable and low-carbon energy technologies. Unlike conventional industrial materials, new energy materials are designed to enable or improve…
Definition Degradable plastics are polymer materials designed to undergo structural breakdown under specific environmental conditions such as heat, moisture, oxygen exposure, or microbial activity. Unlike conventional plastics, which remain chemically stable for long periods, degradable plastics are engineered to reduce…